تجمع الطلاب علم الدلالة Semantics LANE 438 المفيد. الاسئلة . نقاط مهمة

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السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
ص 70 في الكتاب او ص 26 في الملخص
ذكرها الدكتور في الدورة التأهيلية وقال مهمة كيف ممكن يجيء منها السؤال
وفي الكتاب تمرين ص 71 عن نفس الموضوع بدون حل
ياليت من يقدر يفيدنا او يوضح لنا شي منها

Definition: of Semantic Roles

Actor: The role of an argument that performs some action without affecting any
other entity. Sylvia left.

Affected: The role of an argument that undergoes a change due to some event of is
affected by some other entity. A window broke, Tom broke a window.

Affecting: The role of an argument that, without any action, affects another entity.
Betty likes opera, Opera delights Betty.

Agent: The role of an argument that by its action affects some other entity with
volition. Tom broke a window, David d the pie.

Associate: The role of an argument that tells the status or identity of another
argument, the theme. Roger is a student.

Effect (Patient): The role of an argument that comes into existence through the
action of the predicate, often undergoing some change in state. Linda baked a pie,
The sun melted the ice, Linda cut back these bushes..

Place: The role of an argument that names the location in which the action of the
predicate occurs. The fireman climbed a ladder, The books are under the table.
We prayed in the grand mosque..

Theme: The role of an argument that is the topic of a predicate that does not express
action – a stative predicate. Audrey is a computer expert, The book is in the library