|| تجمع الطلبة لِـ مذآكــرة مـآدة النحــــو 334 [Syntax] ||

[عبدالله الAL-HARBIحربي]

نور العمر الله يوفقك ويسعدك


حقيقه لسى ماوصلني كتاب الماده

لكن تحمست لموضوعك الله يجزاك خير


بس هذه الجزئه تحتاج توضيح


Pseudo-clefting

A constituent may be focused as a pseudo-cleft using what

Jane gave this book to Bill on Saturday

What Jane did was give this book to Bill on Saturday.
What Jane gave to Bill was this book.
This book is what Jane gave to Bill on Saturday.







Passivisation

A constituent with a patient role undergoes movement from the object position to the subject position

Wild silk moths in countries like India and Japan also produce it.
It is also produced by wild silk moth in countries like India and Japan

People cultivate several species.
Several species are cultivated.
* Several are cultivated species



Pronominalisation

Under coordination constituents can often be substituted by a pronoun (‘pro-form’), such as:

• he/she/it etc. for people
• there for locations
• do so/it/that etc. for some VPs and sentences

a) Sara admires the math teacher and the children admire her too.
b) My brother and I drove for hours and we got scared by the heavy fog.
c) Mohammed was waiting at the campsite and Sara was waiting there too.
d) I love having my work done on time and Cecil does (so) too.
e) I think that Cecil forgot to take the medicine and Rita thinks so too



Fronting

Constituents may be fronted as a unit in English:

Tasar is produced in a humid and dense belt of tropical forest in India.
In a humid and dense belt of tropical forest in India, tasar is produced

Lola selected a doughnut filled with banana cream from the bakery
From the bakery, Lola selected a doughnut filled with banana cream.



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