تكفوووووون الدورة انتهت وماشفنا شي بخصوص مقدمة في اللغويات ومناهج البحث

[ابـ ريان ــو]

صباح الخير ياشباب

أرجو من اللي حضروا الدورة الله يوفقهم ويجزاهم عنا كل خير نبي منهم نعرف كل شي بخصوص lane 321 و lane 331 المحذوف والمطلوب
علشان نعرف نركز في دراستنا زين .
ومشكورين على جهودكم والله يوفق الجميع

[ال الشيخ]

اخي العزيز

321
التحديد كما هو ودعواتكم للدكتور محمد فوزي
1 The origins of language
The divine source
God created Adam and “whatsoever Adam called every
living creature, that was the name thereof”

The natural sound source
The suggestion is that primitive words could have been imitations
of the natural sounds which early men and women heard around themsplash, bang, boom, rattle, buzz, hiss, screech, and forms such as bow-wow. In
fact, this type of view has been called the ‘bow-wow’ theory of language origin.
While it is true that a number of words in any language are onomatopoeic
(echoing natural sounds)

The physical adaptation source
physical features
speech production.

The physical adaptation source
Human teeth are upright

The human brain
organizing all these more complex

انتهى الدرس الاول

Animals and human language 2
Communicative and informative signals
communicative signals
informative signals

Displacement
This property of human language is
called displacement. It allows language users to talk about things and events not
present in the immediate environment.

Arbitrariness
It is generally the case that there is no ‘natural’ connection between a linguistic
form and its meaning. The connection is quite arbitrary. We can’t just look at
the Arabic word and, from its shape, for example, determine that it has a
natural and obvious meaning any more than we can with its English translation
form dog.
This aspect of the relationship
between linguistic signs and objects in the world is described as arbitrariness.

Productivity
بس اعرف الموضوع

Cultural transmission
This process whereby a language is passed on from one generation to the next
is described as cultural transmission. It is clear that humans are born with some
kind of predisposition to acquire language in a general sense.

Duality
Human language is organized at two levels or layers simultaneously. This property
is called duality (or ‘double articulation’). In speech production, we have
a physical level at which we can produce individual sounds, like n, b and i. As
individual sounds, none of these discrete forms has any intrinsic meaning. In a
particular combination such as bin, we have another level producing a meaning
that is different from the meaning of the combination in nib

انتهى الدرس الثاني
الدرس الثالث محذوف ولي عوده مع الرابع ان شاء الله وهو مهم جدا جداجدا
لا تنسونا من دعائكم

[ابـ ريان ــو]

الله يوفقك يا آل الشيخ ومشكور جدا جدا على هذا التوضيح ونحن في انتظارك وتعود لنا بالسلامه

[Marwanco]

شكرا لك يااخي الفاضل اتمنى ان تضيف الملخص كامل جزاك الله خير

[ابـ ريان ــو]

طلب مستعجل لاهنتوا اذا ممكن أحد يفيدني في آخر 5 شباتر من مقدمة في اللغويات اذا فيه شي محذوف على شان ماأضيع وقت لأن فيه عندي مواد ثانية أبي أدرسها أنا الآن وصلت بالدراسة في بداية السادس عشر
ومشكوريـــن وعساكم عالقوة

[ال الشيخ]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة ابـ ريان ــو طلب مستعجل لاهنتوا اذا ممكن أحد يفيدني في آخر 5 شباتر من مقدمة في اللغويات اذا فيه شي محذوف على شان ماأضيع وقت لأن فيه عندي مواد ثانية أبي أدرسها أنا الآن وصلت بالدراسة في بداية السادس عشر ومشكوريـــن وعساكم عالقوة

المطلوب من الشباتر
1-2-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-18 فقط

[ال الشيخ]

وعذرا على التأخير بس والله تو جاي من الدوام وعلى طول تذكرت حباينا انتم
4 The sounds of language
مهم جدا جداجدا 30درجه اقل شي
Phonetics
articulatory phonetics, which is the study of how
speech sounds are made, or ‘articulated’. Other areas of study are acoustic
phonetics, which deals with the physical properties of speech as sound waves

Voiced and voiceless sounds
1 When the vocal cords are spread apart, the air from the lungs passes between
them unimpeded. Sounds produced in this way are described as voiceless.
2 When the vocal cords are drawn together, the air from the lungs repeatedly
pushes them apart as it passes through, creating a vibration effect. Sounds
produced in this way are described as voiced.
The distinction can be felt physically if you place a fingertip gently on the top
of your ‘Adam’s apple’ (i.e. that part of your larynx you can feel in your neck
below your chin), then produce sounds such as Z-Z-Z-Z or V-V-V-V. Because
these are voiced sounds, you should be able to feel some vibration. Keeping
your fingertip in the same position, now make the sounds S-S-S-S or F-F-F-F.
Because these are voiceless sounds, there should be no vibration. Another trick
is to put a finger in each ear, not too far, and produce the voiced sounds (e.g.
Z-Z-Z-Z) to hear and feel some vibration, whereas no vibration will be heard
or felt if you make voiceless sounds (e.g. S-S-S-S) in the same way.

Place of articulation
والرسمه تقراها

Bilabials
These are sounds formed using both (= bi) upper and lower lips (= labia).
The initial sounds in the words pat, bat and mat are all bilabials. They are
represented by the symbols [p], which is voiceless, and [b] and [m], which are
voiced.We can also describe the [w] sound found at the beginning of way, walk
and world as a bilabial.

Labiodentals
These are sounds formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip. The initial
sounds of the words fat and vat and the final sounds in the words safe and save
are labiodentals. They are represented by the symbols [f], which is voiceless,
and [v], which is voiced. Notice that the final sound in the word cough, and
the initial sound in photo, despite the spelling differences, are both pronounced
as [f].

Dentals
كامل

Alveolars
كامل

Palatals
كامل

Velars
كامل

Glottals
كامل

الجدول صفحة 34 هو الزبده حفظ

Vowels
قراءه
والمهم الحوف اللي اخر الصفحه مع امثلتها عيت تجي معاي في اللصق بس بحددها
من اليسار اول اثنين وقبل الاخيره الثنتين اللي فيها above ban eat hit
من اليمين اللي فيها move put cow
الامثل مهمه جدا جدا في كل درس حفظ صم
انتهى الدرس الرابع

لا تنسونا من دعواتكم بالتوفيق في امتحانات الصيف وبلوغنا رمضان ولا ازعل وابطل

[ابـ ريان ــو]

ويـــــــــــــــــــن هالطلـــة الحلوة من زمـــــــــــــــــان مشكوووووووووووووووووور والله يعطيك العافية على هالفائدة القيمة والشكر الحار موصول للدكتور محمد فوزي لأنه أعطانا المفيد الذي يستحق الدراسة أما الذي تم حذفه فهو مجرد كلام عادي جداً لايدرس ولايمكن وضع عليه أسئلة
استمر في جلب العسل ياعسل

[ابـ ريان ــو]

اللهم وفق ونجح آل الشيخ في جميع اختباراته واللهم ارزقه الدرجة العالية التي يتمناها وعقبال ماتتخرج ان شاء الله بالوقت اللي انت مخطط له وتحصل على ماتتمنى بعد التخرج اللهم آآآآآآآآآآمين

[smart1111]

الله يوفقك ويرحم والديك ونشاء الله انت والجميع الدرجه كامله