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الفرق بين Old and new Methods of reading


Old model: The Author"s meaning Is in the text
Author--Text--Reader

According to this model the reader"s job is to understand the meaning "message" contained in the text


# The New model

Reader interact with text

Readers use their knowledge of the language system and literary conventions and their general assumptions about the world at large . In other words reading is not a passive activity in which you just take in information rather it is always an active one in which whether consciously or not you create your version of the text

# If you spoke a different language not only would you have different words or signifiers but also in some cases you would have different signifieds as well

Thus,without the signifier (word) we cannot understand the signified (concept)t


The new model of reading we advocate emphasizes three points in relation to signifiers and signifieds

1- No one-to one correspondance exists between signifiers and signifieds that is words have multiple meanings No one of which can be said to be correct

2-Different readers attach different signifieds to the signifiers in a text and thereby readers help to create the text they read

3- The relationship between signifiers and signifieds is cultural (and the existence of different signifieds in different languages can lead to marked difference in the way different language users perceive the world)

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كيف يجي سؤال ممكن يقول صح او خطأ

1-?The new model of reading is the Author"s meaning Is in the text

2-The signifier means a concept whereas signified a word?

3- The relationship between signifiers and signifieds is phelosophical?