antonymA word that is opposite in meaning to another word; good and bad are antonyms
arbitrarinessThe characteristic of language such that there is no natural
compoundA word made of two or more independent words: armchair
connotationThe personal associations produced by words; cf. denotation
contradictionThe relation between two propositions
demonstrativeApplied to forms that have the function of identifying by proximity to the speaker: this, that
denotationThe objective relationship between a linguistic form and its referent.
extensionThe class of entities which a lexeme denotes
homonymsWords with the same pronunciation but different meanings: club
hyponymA word whose referent is included in the referent of a more general
modalityThe expression of necessity, possibility and probability, often through
modal verbs
morphemeThe smallest contrastive unit of meaning: a single word like cat
paradigmaticThe relation of items that can substitute for one another at
the same place in a sentence.
paraphraseAn alternative way of expressing the content of a sentence
referenceThe relation between a language form and some physical entity,
which is the referent of that sign
utteranceA stretch of speech by one person
synonymA word that is equivalent in sense to another word
tenseThe expression of time in a verb
sentenceA grammatical construction that is complete in itself
semanticsThe study of meaning expressed by language