[RZR]

اسئلة سابقة للدكتور دولار ..


Choose the correct answer:

1- Sociolinguistics studies the relationship between:
A- Language and sociology.
B- Language and society.
C- Dialects of the same language.

2- In every speech community there is a range of ……… from which people select
according to the social context in which they are communicating.
A- Languages.
B- Varieties.
C- Regional dialects.

3- An idiolect means:
A- The unique characteristics of the language of a particular society.
B- The unique characteristics of the language of an individual.
C- The unique characteristics of the language of native speakers.

4- An accent refers to the:
A- Regional phonetic distinctions of the speech of a group of people.
B- The pronunciation of someone who speaks a language with non-native pronunciation.
C- Both A & B.

5- A dialect is a term which can be used to describe:
A- A regional variety of speech.
B- Social variety of speech.
C- Both A & B.

6- Each living language comprises:
A- A single variety only.
B- A standard variety only.
C- A collection of varieties.

7- Language varieties which are mutually unintelligible are usually considered:
A- Dialects of the same language.
B- Different languages.
B- Unintelligible varieties.

8- In China, Mandarin and Cantonese, though mutually unintelligible codes,
are considered dialects of Chinese because:
A- They have the same language.
B- Of political reasons.
C- They are mutually intelligible.

9- Dialect diversity develops:
A- When people are separated geographically and socially.
B- When two or more speech communities are living in the same area.
C- When dialects have become mutually unintelligible.

10- Dialect differences include:
A- All aspects of linguistic analysis (phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicology,
and semantics.)
B- Lexical differences only.
C- Phonological differences only.

11- Sociolinguistics considers language variation as:
A- A good thing.
B- A bad thing.
C- Normal or natural.

12- India is a:
A- Monolingual nation.
B- Bilingual nation.
C- Multilingual nation.

13- The historical discrimination against African Americans has created social isolation
in which dialect differences between white and black Americans are:
1- Levelled.
2- Intensified.
3- Banned.

14- A pidgin is a rudimentary language of:
A- Few lexical items and complex grammatical rules.
B- Many lexical items and less complex grammatical rules.
C- Few lexical items and less complex rules.

15- When a pidgin comes to be adopted by a community as its native tongue, and
children learn it as a first language, that language is called:
A- Lingua franca.
B- A creole.
C- A pidginized language.

16- Variations in the speech of men and women are found in:
A- English only.
B- Some languages.
C- All languages.


17- Dialects of the Arabic language:
A- Are completely mutually intelligible.
B- Are not completely mutually intelligible.
C- Are mutually unintelligible.

18- Code-switching is when a speaker switches between:
A- Different languages.
B- Different dialects of the same language.
C- Both A & B.

19- Standard Arabic variety is:
A- Every Arabic-speaking person’s native dialect.
B- Nobody’s native dialect.
C- The native dialect of the educated people only.

20- Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish are:
A- Mutually intelligible (to a degree) languages.
B- Mutually intelligible dialects.
C- Mutually unintelligible languages.

21- Hindi and Urdu are:
A- Mutually intelligible (to a degree) languages.
B- Mutually intelligible dialects.
C- Mutually unintelligible languages.

22- When speakers of Latin dialects in the Middle Ages stopped comprehending each
other’s dialects, their dialects were regarded and treated as:
A- Mutually incomprehensible dialects of Latin.
B- Mutually comprehensible languages.
C- Mutually unintelligible languages.

23- Linguistic variation among dialects of the same language is a sign of:
A- National separation.
B- Cultural revolution.
C- Linguistic change in progress.

24- American English and Australian English are considered:
A- Different styles.
B- Different languages.
C- Different varieties.



25- Dialect levelling means:
A- A linguistic change toward less uniformity among dialects of the same language.
B- A linguistic change toward greater uniformity and less variation among dialects.
C- Classifying dialects into different sociolinguistic levels.

26- Saudi Arabia dialect variation is, mainly caused by:
A- Geographical factors.
B- Socioeconomics factors.
C- Political factors.

27- Historically, Italian, French, and Spanish were:
A- Separate languages.
B- Dialects of the same language.
C- European languages.

28- Language purists are:
A- Descriptive grammarians.
B- Prescriptive grammarians.
C- Sociolinguistics.

29- The most prestigious spoken variety of An Arab country is usually:
A- The population’s majority’s dialect.
B- An urban dialect such as the dialect of the capital or the city or region.
C- The standard Arabic variety.

30- A true bilingual speaker is one:
A- Who has a very strong command of two languages.
B- Who is fluent in several languages.
C- Who can read and understand a foreign language.

31- When a bilingual person moves back and forth between two languages
during conversations, this is called:
A- Language contact.
B- Code switching.
C- Linguistic change.

32- Arabic language is:
A- The only native language in the Arab world.
B- Not the only native language in the Arab World.

33- Endangered languages mean:
A- Dead languages.
B- Languages which are about to disappear for good.
C- Revived languages.
34- Modern Hebrew language is an example of:
A- Dead language.
B- An exchanged language.
C- Revived language.

35- A ……… variety of a language is usually the most formal and widely used variety.
A- Colloquial.
B- Standard.
C- Regional.

36- A ……… is a language used for communication between people whose first
language differ.
A- Standard language.
B- Creole.
C- Lingua franca.

37- English is considered the most widely used ……… of the world.
A- Lingua franca
B- Standard language.
C- Classical languages.

38- ……… is between two distinct varieties of a language are used in the community,
with one regarded as H and the other as L, serving different functions.
A- Bilingualism.
B- Multilingualism.
C- Diglossia.

39- ……… is when a speaker moves between two different languages or varieties in the
same conversation.
A- Code switching.
B- Language change.
C- Bilingualism.

40- ……… takes place when a group of people are separated from their native language
community and become exposed to a new language.
A- Linguistic change.
B- Language death.
C- Language shift.

41- ……… occurs when a language ceases to be a spoken language used for everyday
conversation.
A- Language shift.
B- Language death.
C- Language revival.

42- In developing a language to be used as an official language for a country, the
grammatical structure and vocabulary of that language will undergo a process called:
A- Codification.
B- Selection.
C- Elaboration.

43- The correct order of steps when developing a standard language or
variety for a country is:
A- 1.Elaboration. 2.Selection. 3.Codification. 4.Securing its acceptance.
B- 1.Selection. 2.Securing its acceptance. 3.Elaboration. 4.Codification.
C- 1.Selection. 2.Codification. 3.Elaboration. 4.Securing its acceptance.

44- In some countries the lingua franca is usually the ………:
A- Official or national language.
B- Language of the ruling party.
C- Language of the majority.


Mark True or False:

45- English has been legally declared the official language of the United States, England,
and New Zealand. ( F )
46- India has more than one official language. ( T )
47- In Saudi Arabia, English is considered an official language. ( F )
48- Linguistics have played an important role in language planning. ( T )
49- It is possible for a country to have more than one national language. ( T )
50- It is possible for a country to have more than one official language. ( T )





• I have considered my readings and many online summaries in answering these questions. Insha Allah am positive of the answers’ correctness but that doesn’t mean they are definitely correct! Just an individual effort.
• Your comments or corrections, if any, are highly appreciated.

Good Luck All!

KsaFlair.
24/08/2008