[mohammad_4909]

Third lecture of Shakespeare 448
The most important thing that professor said
- There are many reasons that lead to the change of Hamlet character. The first one is that he lost his father. Then, his mother married very soon. He meets the ghost who tells him that his uncle killed his father. Finally, Hamlet is in love with Opelia, but Ophelia's father and brother worry her from Hamlet and her father orders her to stop her meeting with Hamlet and do not accept Hamlet's love. Hamlet , of course , notices Opelia's changing and he is really shocked by that.
Notice: may be all these reasons or one of them lead to Hamlet's changing and we do not know which reason.
- Many characters ( Claudius, Polonius, Gertrude, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern) want to discover the reasons of Hamlet's madness and everyone has his/her own reason. Claudius wants to know the reason because he fears from Hamlet and wonders if Hamlet knows about his crime or not. Polonius has two motives. First , he wants to give a special favour for his king Claudius. Second, Hamlet is in love with his daughter which seems a good news for him if Hamlet really loves Opelia and wants to marry her. Gertrude worries about her son behavour as any mother. Rosencrantz and Guiderstern seek for the reason because Claudius orders them to do that and they want to satisfy the king.

The professor moves to some important quotations and analyzes them
- Quotation 1/ The first meeting between Hamlet and the Ghost page 1684 – 1686. In this dialogue, the Ghost tells Hamlet that his brother murdered him and asks Hamlet to take his revenge. The ghost seems to blame his brother because he married Gertrude ( the Ghost claims that " with witchcraft of his wit"line41-44 page 1685). The ghost ( in line 80-86" o horrible…." asks Hamlet to leave his mother to heaven and do not hurt her. At the end of this dialogue, the ghost requests from Hamlet to remember him why??? ( because there is a relationship between decision – action- , time , and remembrance that time will weaken the decision especially after a long time. In another words, after some time you will forget some of your remembrance) .
• In line 92 - 105 page 1686 , Hamlet promises the ghost that he will remember him and he makes a strong promise by swearing ( line103 – 104 " within the book …. by heaven"
- Quotation 2/ The dialogue between Ophelia and her father , page 1690 line 78-110
- Quotation 3/ The dialogue between Claudius and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern , page 1691 when Claudius orders them to seek out the reasons of Hamlet's transformation .
- Quotation 4 / the dialogue between Hamlet and (Rosencrantz and Guildenstern) , page 1696- 1697 line 230- 300. In this dialogue, Hamlet knows that the king sends these two men to spy him and he makes fun of them. In the line 285-300, Hamlet uses his philosophy that he is depressed and melancholy but he does know why " why, it appears no other thing to me … line292". He also uses his philosophy to hide the truth.
- Quotation 5/ the dialogue between Hamlet and players that reflects Hamlet's interesting of drama. Page 1702- 1703. Why does Hamlet set the plot of this play which seems to the story of his father's death ? " seeking the truth" why?
• Hamlet knows from the Ghost this story and he promises to remember him, but he seeks out the truth by his play. This action show us how Hamlet hesitates to take his father's revenge and seems also to forget his promise.

• Note: every Hamlet's soliloquies are important and the most important soliloquy is " to be or not to be , this is the question" .
- Quotation 6 / the dialogue between Claudius and Polonius in page 1707- 1708 when Claudius says" love? His affections ….line 162- 165" Claudius is very intelligent in this dialogue because he discovers that Hamlet is not mad "was not madness"