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1. A waste product of respiration is
A) water.
B) electrons.
C) hydrogen peroxide.
D) carbon dioxide.
E) glucose.
Answer: D

13. Within the lungs, gas exchange occurs across
A) alveoli.
B) tracheae.
C) bronchioles.
D) diaphragms.
E) bronchi.
Answer: A
Topic: 22.6
Skill: Factual Recall

19. In a mammal, blood leaving the lungs goes to
A) the kidneys.
B) the heart.
C) the limbs.
D) the liver.
E) the brain.
Answer: B
Topic: 22.10
Skill: Factual Recall

21. Oxygen is mostly transported through the body
A) dissolved in the blood.
B) dissolved in red blood cells.
C) bound to hemoglobin.
D) bound to dissolved iron.
E) bound to carbon.
Answer: C
Topic: 22.11
Skill: Factual Recall
Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?
A) maintaining an optimal red blood cell count
B) transporting nerve impulses throughout the body
C) governing nutrient concentration in the blood
D) transporting nutrients to body cells
E) mounting a response to invading microorganisms
Answer: D
Topic: 23.1
Skill: Factual Recall


5. Which of the following animals has a single circuit of blood flow and two heart chambers?
A) salamander
B) salmon
C) snake
D) swan
E) squirrel
Answer: B
Topic: 23.2-Evolution Connection
Skill: Factual Recall

6. Which of the following animals has a three-chambered heart?
A) snake
B) crocodile
C) human
D) cow
E) bird
Answer: A
Topic: 23.2-Evolution Connection
Skill: Factual Recall


10. In mammals, which of the following vessels transports oxygenated blood from the lung back to the heart?
A) pulmonary artery
B) pulmonary vein
C) aorta
D) vena cava
E) coronary artery
Answer: B
Topic: 23.3
Skill: Factual Recall
30. What is the most common cause of anemia?
A) vitamin deficiency
B) low blood pressure
C) iron deficiency
D) inefficient hemoglobin production
E) bone marrow cancer
Answer: C
Topic: 23.13
Skill: Factual Recall


1. Animals that maintain internal body temperature using heat generated by their own bolism are called
A) endotherms.
B) aerophiles.
C) thermoregulators.
D) hibernators.
E) dormants.
Answer: A
Topic: 25.1
Skill: Factual Recall


16. Which of the following is a function of the excretory system?
A) detoxification
B) blood maintenance
C) elimination of undigested foods
D) maintenance of water balance
E) production of urea
Answer: D
Topic: 25.6
Skill: Conceptual Understanding

20. The genetically identical organisms that result from asexual reproduction are called
A) clones.
B) seeds.
C) seedlings.
D) rootlets.
E) gametophytes.
Answer: A
Topic: 31.14
Skill: Factual Recall

21. Which of the following statements best characterizes asexual reproduction?
A) It allows animals that do not move around to produce offspring without finding mates.
B) It allows an animal to produce many offspring quickly.
C) It saves the time and energy required to produce gametes.
D) It produces genetically uniform populations.
E) It allows a population to expand quickly to exploit available resources.
Answer: D
Topic: 27.1
Skill: Conceptual Understanding


25. Reproductive systems with external fertilization are most common in
A) terrestrial animals.
B) populations with many more males than females.
C) animals that are widely dispersed.
D) aquatic animals.
E) populations with many more females than males.
Answer: D
Topic: 27.2
Skill: Factual Recall

26.
28. Which of the following statements regarding spermatogenesis and oogenesis is true?
A) Meiosis in spermatogenesis produces two cells from one primary spermatocyte.
B) Meiosis in oogenesis produces one mature egg from one primary oocyte.
C) Oogenesis begins at puberty.
D) Spermatogenesis begins at birth.
E) Oogenesis is not completed without stimulation by estrogen.
Answer: B
Topic: 27.5
Skill: Conceptual Understanding


30. In human females, the ovarian cycle begins when
A) the levels of estrogen reach their maximum.
B) the hypothalamus increases its release of FSH and LH.
C) the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to increase its output of FSH and LH.
D) the level of progesterone drops precipitously.
E) the levels of FSH and LH drop precipitously.
Answer: C
Topic: 27.6
Skill: Factual Recall

34. Which of the following generates the ATP that is required for movement of the sperm's tail?
A) mitochondria in the neck and middle piece
B) mitochondria in the sperm head
C) mitochondria in the sperm tail
D) the sperm plasma membrane
E) the acrosome
Answer: A
Topic: 27.9
Skill: Factual Recall


38. Which of the following results from cleavage?
A) formation of the nervous system
B) formation of the digestive system
C) formation of the notochord
D) formation of more cells
E) segmentation
Answer: D
Topic: 27.10
Skill: Factual Recall


Chapters (8-11): Genetics

1. Which of the following statements regarding sexual and asexual reproduction is true?
A) Cell division only occurs after sexual reproduction.
B) Only offspring from asexual reproduction inherit traits from two parents.
C) Sexual reproduction typically includes the development of unfertilized eggs.
D) Sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than is asexual reproduction.
E) Only asexual reproduction results from the union of a sperm and an egg.
Answer: D
Topic: Opening Essay, 8.1
Skill: Conceptual Understanding

12. If the S phase were eliminated from the cell cycle, the daughter cells would
A) have half the genetic material found in the parent cell.
B) be genetically identical to each other.
C) be genetically identical to the parent cell.
D) synthesize the missing genetic material on their own.
E) continue to function without the normal amount of DNA.
Answer: A
Topic: 8.5
Skill: Conceptual Understanding

19. Which of the following is a feature of plant cell division that distinguishes it from animal cell division?
A) formation of a cell plate
B) formation of a cleavage furrow
C) lack of cytokinesis
D) production of four )rather than two) new cells per mitotic division
E) disappearance and subsequent reappearance of the nucleolus
Answer: A
Topic: 8.7
Skill: Factual Recall

24. Which of the following statements is false?
A) A typical body cell is called a somatic cell.
B) Gametes are haploid cells.
C) Somatic cells are diploid.
D) Gametes are made by mitosis.
E) A zygote is a fertilized egg.
Answer: D
Topic: 8.12, 8.13
Skill: Factual Recall

28. Mendel conducted his most memorable experiments on
A) peas.
B) roses.
C) guinea pigs.
D) fruit flies.
E) clones.
Answer: A
Topic: 9.2
Skill:



34. All the offspring of a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant have pink flowers. This means that the allele for red flowers is ________ to the allele for white flowers.
A) dominant
B) codominant
C) pleiotropic
D) incompletely dominant
E) recessive
Answer: D
Topic: 9.11
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
36. Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance in humans?
A) sickle-cell disease
B) hypercholesterolemia
C) skin color
D) ABO blood groups
E) phenylketonuria
Answer: B
Topic: 9.11
Skill: Factual Recall

43. Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false?
A) DNA uses the sugar deoxyribose.
B) DNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil.
C) DNA is a nucleic acid.
D) One DNA molecule can include four different nucleotides in its structure.
E) DNA molecules have a sugar-phosphate backbone.
Answer: B
Topic: 10.2
Skill: Factual Recall

48. If one strand of DNA is CGGTAC, the corresponding strand would be
A) GCCTAG.
B) CGGTAC.
C) GCCAUC.
D) TAACGT.
E) GCCATG.
Answer: E
Topic: 10.4
Skill: Application

52. The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is called
A) translation.
B) tranion.
C) initiation.
D) elongation.
E) promotion.
Answer: B
Topic: 10.6
Skill: Factual Recall

60. The term "gene expression" refers to the
A) fact that each individual of a species has a unique set of genes.
B) fact that individuals of the same species have different phenotypes.
C) process by which genetic information flows from genes to proteins.
D) fact that certain genes are visible as dark stripes on a chromosome.
E) flow of information from parent to offspring.
Answer: C
Topic: 11.1
Skill: Conceptual Understanding

61. A gene operon consists of
A) a transcribed gene only.
B) a promoter only.
C) a regulatory gene only.
D) transcribed genes, an operator, and a promoter.
E) transcribed genes, a promoter, and a regulatory gene.
Answer: D
Topic: 11.1
Skill: Factual Recall